Hip joint is ball and socket arrangement. Ball and bone of femur smoothly rotate in the socket of pelvic bone on the lining of cartilage. In certain conditions like a vascular necrosis of hip bone, osteo-arthritis, hip fracture, spondilitis or dysplastic hip, hip joint may become painful and stiff. In such conditions surgery of hip resurfacing may be recommended.
             Hip resurfacing is also called hip surface replacement involves removal of certain layer of surface of hip joint and replacing it with cobalt chrome cast. In this surgery area of arthritis in the hip joint is cleaned and shaved of and reshaped to accept metal cup with small guide. Corresponding metal cup is set in to pelvis.
             These parts are shaped precisely to fit each other with small space for body fluid to lubricate. The surgery may last for about 2 hours and hospital stay may be 5-7 days. One may be able to walk out of bed within two days of hip resurfacing. 

Options
              Hip resurfacing is usually recommended after alternative management like drugs and physiotherapy fails to reduce pain or improve mobility. Extend of hip joint damage choice of hip resurfacing over hip replacement may be opined by orthopedic surgeon.  Depending on how badly your hip joint is damaged, your surgeon may recommend a total hip replacement. Your surgeon will explain your options to you.
Preparation
             Surgeon will have explained all the details of surgery, its possible outcomes, possible risks/benefits He will also have explained alternatives to this procedure.
He will ask for your written consent for surgery. Consent for placing your name on national joint register, which is also used for safety, durability and effectiveness of joint.
Complete medical evaluation for choice and fitness of surgery is decided by surgeon.
Type of anesthesia is recommended by surgeon with consultation with anesthetics.
Routine preoperative preparations are done including fasting for six hours. Preoperative vital heath parameters like heart rate, blood pressure ,etc are monitored

Surgery  
             An incision is taken over hip and thigh to approach hip joint. Ball and socket are separated. Worn surfaces of the thigh bone and hip socket are carefully removed. The remaining bone is then cleaned and covered with metal surfaces. Wound is sutured and dressing done.

Post operative period
             One cannot move legs for few hours after epidural or spinal anesthesia. A pillow may be placed between your legs to stabilize your hip joint. Care is taken with compression stocking and inflating pads to maintain circulation in lower legs.
             Pain reliving drugs are administered as per requirement. Physiotherapist will guide you daily exercises to smoothen your recovery .You may be allowed walking with the help of crutches or walking frame two days after surgery. The hospital stays is about 3-5 days than you should be walking safely with crutches. Dissolvable stitches will disappear within 7-10 days and non-dissolvable stitches will be removed in a week after 7 days.

Recovery
             Parasitemol tablets may be taken for pain relieve. Physiotherapy as advise is important for recovery from the surgery. Certain movements like crossing legs or twisting hips are not allowed in first two months. Physiotherapist will explain you in this regard. and can do your routine possible activities. Wearing compressions stockings for first few weeks. You will need crutches for six weeks. After this you can return to your work with some restrictions on prolong standing or lifting for three months. Driving is advise only when you are confident of emergency stop without discomfort. Full recovery may takes four months

Possible complications
Specific complications of resurfacing are uncommon though following can be enumerated.

1. Deep vein thrombosis
2. Joint dislocation
3. Difference in length of leg
4. Fracture of hip
5. Instability of joint 

Success rate
Success rate in India of hip resurfacing is 99%.

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